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1 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> 2 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> 3 <head> 4 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> 5 <title>.: jsolait :. | documentation | tutorial</title> 6 <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/html.css" /> 7 <meta name="author" content="Jan-Klaas Kollhof" /> 8 <meta name="keywords" content="JavaScript, OOP, object oriented programming, OOP in JavaScript, JS, OOP JS, tutorial, prototyping, inheritance, subclassing, data hiding" /> 9 <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./highlight.css" /> 10 <style type="text/css"> 11 .S0 { 12 font-family: 'Times New Roman'; 13 color: #000000; 14 font-size: 11pt; 15 } 16 .S1 { 17 color: #000080; 18 } 19 .S3 { 20 color: #008080; 21 } 22 .S6 { 23 color: #7F007F; 24 } 25 .S8 { 26 color: #800080; 27 } 28 span { 29 font-family: 'Verdana'; 30 color: #000000; 31 font-size: 10pt; 32 } 33 </style> 34 </head> 35 <body> 36 <a name="top" id="top"></a> 37 <div class="navigationBar"><a href="./index.xhtml">documentation</a> | 38 tutorial</div> 39 <div class="menu"> 40 <ul></ul> 41 <div class="donate"> 42 <form action="https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr" method="post"> 43 <input type="hidden" name="cmd" value="_xclick" /> 44 <input type="hidden" name="business" value="donate@kollhof.net" /> 45 <input type="hidden" name="item_name" value="project development" /> 46 <input type="hidden" name="no_shipping" value="1" /> 47 <input type="hidden" name="return" value="http://jan.kollhof.net/projects/donation/success" /> 48 <input type="hidden" name="cancel_return" value="http://jan.kollhof.net/projects/donation/cancel" /> 49 <input type="hidden" name="cn" value="your comments" /> 50 <input type="hidden" name="currency_code" value="EUR" /> 51 <input type="hidden" name="tax" value="0" /> 52 <input type="image" src="/ppbtn.gif" border="0" name="submit" alt="support development" /> 53 </form> 54 </div> 55 <div class="copyright">copyright © 2004, Jan-Klaas Kollhof</div> 56 </div> 57 <div class="content"> 58 Please note, this is only a current draft of the online jsolait tutorial and is not complete.<br /> 59 60 <br /> 61 <h1>Object Oriented Programming using JavaScript o Lait</h1> 62 63 It is very simple to use jsolait for object oriented programming.<br /> 64 In this tutorial we will look at how we can integrate jsolait functionality in our projects.<br /> 65 Then we will create our first jsolait module. As we go on we will add classes and methods and will explore the 66 OOP feautures of jsolai.<br /> 67 All example code can be tried using your own webpage or <a href="../jsolaitonline.xhtml">jsolait online</a>.<br /> 68 <div class="contentItem"><h2>integrating jsolait<a class="bttop" href="#top">▲</a></h2><div> 69 70 To use jsolait you will need to copy the library files to the location of your website. 71 Add a refference to jsolait's initialization script( ./jsolait/init.js) in your page.<br /> 72 In HTML it will look like this:<br /> 73 <br /><div class="code"> 74 <span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span class="S0">...</span><br /> 75 <span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span class="S1"><script</span><span class="S8"> </span><span class="S3">type</span><span class="S8">=</span><span class="S6">"text/javascript"</span><span class="S8"> </span><span class="S3">src</span><span class="S8">=</span><span class="S6">"./jsolait/init.js"</span><span class="S1">></script></span><br /> 76 77 <span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span class="S0">...</span><br /> 78 </div> 79 <br /> 80 After that you are ready to begin working with jsolait<br /> 81 An easy way to do so is to create a JavaScript file and refference it in the page after the init script.<br /> 82 The script can now use any jsolait functionality in addition to what is available in JavaScript alone.<br /> 83 Your HTML file should now contain somethign similar to the following:<br /> 84 <br /><div class="code"> 85 <span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span class="S0">...</span><br /> 86 <span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span class="S1"><script</span><span class="S8"> </span><span class="S3">type</span><span class="S8">=</span><span class="S6">"text/javascript"</span><span class="S8"> </span><span class="S3">src</span><span class="S8">=</span><span class="S6">"./jsolait/init.js"</span><span class="S1">></script></span><br /> 87 <span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span class="S1"><script</span><span class="S8"> </span><span class="S3">type</span><span class="S8">=</span><span class="S6">"text/javascript"</span><span class="S8"> </span><span class="S3">src</span><span class="S8">=</span><span class="S6">"./tutorial.js"</span><span class="S1">></script></span><br /> 88 <span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span class="S0">...</span><br /> 89 </div> 90 </div></div> 91 92 <div class="contentItem"><h2>first script using jsolait<a class="bttop" href="#top">▲</a></h2><div> 93 94 As an example we will now use jsolait's powerful string-formating methods.<br /> 95 <br /><div class="code"> 96 <span> 97 <span class="S5">var</span><span class="S0"> </span>s1<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">=</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S6">"Hello %s!"</span><span class="S10">.</span>format<span class="S10">(</span><span class="S5">jsolait</span><span class="S10">.</span>name<span class="S10">);</span><br /> 98 alert<span class="S10">(</span>s1<span class="S10">);</span><br /> 99 <span class="S5">var</span><span class="S0"> </span>s2<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">=</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S6">"The number %d as a hexadecimal is %X."</span><span class="S10">.</span>format<span class="S10">(</span><span class="S4">123456789</span><span class="S10">,</span><span class="S4">123456789</span><span class="S10">);</span><br /> 100 alert<span class="S10">(</span>s2<span class="S10">);</span> 101 </span> 102 </div> 103 <br /> 104 In the example all <code>%s, %f, %X</code> are replaced by converting the values passed into the <code>format</code> method to a desired format.<br /> 105 There are more formating specifiers than <code>%s, %f, %X</code>. Please see the documentation for the <a href="./stringformat.xhtml"><code>stringformat</code></a> module. 106 </div></div> 107 <div class="contentItem"><h2>using modules<a class="bttop" href="#top">▲</a></h2><div> 108 109 To use modules in your script jsolait provides a special method called <code>importModule</code>. 110 Let us see how this works. For an example we will import the <code>codecs</code> module which provides e.g. base64 encoding of strings.<br /> 111 <br /><div class="code"> 112 <span class="S5">var</span> <span>codecs<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">=</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S5">importModule</span><span class="S10">(</span><span class="S6">"codecs"</span><span class="S10">);</span><br /> 113 <br /> 114 alert<span class="S10">(</span>codecs<span class="S10">.</span>listEncoders<span class="S10">());</span><br /> 115 <br /> 116 <span class="S5">var</span><span class="S0"> </span>s1<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">=</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S6">"Hello jsolait"</span><span class="S10">;</span><br /> 117 <span class="S5">var</span><span class="S0"> </span>s2<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">=</span><span class="S0"> </span>s1<span class="S10">.</span>encode<span class="S10">(</span><span class="S6">"base64"</span><span class="S10">);</span><br /> 118 <br /> 119 alert<span class="S10">(</span><span class="S6">"'%s' encoded using base64 is '%s'"</span><span class="S10">.</span>format<span class="S10">(</span>s1<span class="S10">,</span>s2<span class="S10">));</span><br /> 120 </span> 121 </div> 122 <br /> 123 The <code>codecs</code> module is loaded by jsolait and provided to the script calling the <code>importModule</code> function.<br /> 124 Depending on your browser jsolait loads the module source files on demand, i.e. the file is retrieved during the first call to <code>importModule</code>. 125 A second call to <code>importModule</code> will only return the module object which has been loaded already by the first call, jsolait will not retrieve the file again. 126 In some browsers the feauture of loading moudule files on demand is not available.<br /> 127 This does not mean you cannot uses jsolait. What you need to do is refference all module scripts in your web page.<br /> 128 For oure example our web page would contain something like:<br /> 129 <br /><div class="code"> 130 <span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span class="S0">...</span><br /> 131 <span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span class="S1"><script</span><span class="S8"> </span><span class="S3">type</span><span class="S8">=</span><span class="S6">"text/javascript"</span><span class="S8"> </span><span class="S3">href</span><span class="S8">=</span><span class="S6">"./jsolait/init.js"</span><span class="S1">></script></span><br /> 132 <span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span class="S1"><script</span><span class="S8"> </span><span class="S3">type</span><span class="S8">=</span><span class="S6">"text/javascript"</span><span class="S8"> </span><span class="S3">href</span><span class="S8">=</span><span class="S6">"./jsolait/lib/codecs.js"</span><span class="S1">></script></span><br /> 133 <span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span class="S1"><script</span><span class="S8"> </span><span class="S3">type</span><span class="S8">=</span><span class="S6">"text/javascript"</span><span class="S8"> </span><span class="S3">href</span><span class="S8">=</span><span class="S6">"./tutorial.js"</span><span class="S1">></script></span><br /> 134 <span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span class="S0">...</span><br /> 135 </div> 136 All module scripts depend on the initialization script <code>init.js</code> to be loaded first.<br /> 137 Depending on the module dependencies you must make sure the scripts are refferenced in the right order.<br /> 138 But more on that later.<br /> 139 </div></div> 140 141 <div class="contentItem"><h2>creating a jsolait module<a class="bttop" href="#top">▲</a></h2><div> 142 143 You can easily create your own modules by using the <code>Module</code> constructor.<br /> 144 See the following code:<br /> 145 <br /><div class="code"> 146 <span><span class="S5">Module</span><span class="S10">(</span><span class="S6">"tutorial"</span><span class="S10">,</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S6">"0.0.1"</span><span class="S10">,</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S5">function</span><span class="S10">(</span><span class="S5">mod</span><span class="S10">){</span><br /> 147 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S5">var</span><span class="S0"> </span>codecs<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">=</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S5">importModule</span><span class="S10">(</span><span class="S6">"codecs"</span><span class="S10">);</span><br /> 148 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><br /> 149 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S5">mod</span><span class="S10">.</span>testCodecs<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">=</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S5">function</span><span class="S10">(</span>data<span class="S10">){</span><br /> 150 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span>alert<span class="S10">(</span>codecs<span class="S10">.</span>listEncoders<span class="S10">());</span><br /> 151 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S5">var</span><span class="S0"> </span>s1<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">=</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S6">"Hello jsolait"</span><span class="S10">;</span><br /> 152 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S5">var</span><span class="S0"> </span>s2<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">=</span><span class="S0"> </span>s1<span class="S10">.</span>encode<span class="S10">(</span><span class="S6">"base64"</span><span class="S10">);</span><br /> 153 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span>alert<span class="S10">(</span><span class="S6">"'%s' encoded using base64 is '%s'"</span><span class="S10">.</span>format<span class="S10">(</span>s1<span class="S10">,</span>s2<span class="S10">));</span><br /> 154 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S10">}</span><br /> 155 <span class="S10">})</span><br /> 156 <span class="S0"></span></span> 157 </div> 158 The module constructor is a function with 3 parameters. The first one is the module's name. This name is used when importing modules.<br /> 159 The second one is the modules version. It is good practice to give a module a version string.<br /> 160 The third parameter is a function object. <br /> 161 This function is called to construct the module. Once constructed the module is registered with jsolait and can be imported.<br /> 162 A special parameter <code>mod</code> is passed to that function wich represents the modul. It is very similar to the <code>this</code> object in JavaScript. 163 All properties set on the <code>mod</code> object will become public properties of the module. In our example this would be the <code>testCodecs</code> method.<br /> 164 Variables declared with <code>var</code> are only visible inside the module constructor. One could say they are the private objects of the module. 165 In our example this would be the <code>codecs</code> object.<br /> 166 If you declare a variable without the <code>var</code> keyword then this object will become global.<br /> 167 Only declare global objects if you realy intend to create global objects. In most cases you should never need them. 168 The jsolait module for example defines two global objects: <code>importModule and reportException</code>.<br /> 169 At first, using a function object might seem a little awkward, but it allowes us to practice good data hiding.<br /> 170 </div></div> 171 172 <div class="contentItem"><h2>creating classes<a class="bttop" href="#top">▲</a></h2><div> 173 174 Creating classes in jsolait is as simple as creating modules. Especially when it comes to inheritance jsolait will take 175 care of all the work involved for creating subclasses in JavaScript.<br /> 176 Have a look at the following code:<br /> 177 <br /><div class="code"> 178 <span><span class="S5">Module</span><span class="S10">(</span><span class="S6">"tutorial"</span><span class="S10">,</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S6">"0.0.1"</span><span class="S10">,</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S5">function</span><span class="S10">(</span><span class="S5">mod</span><span class="S10">){</span><br /> 179 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><br /> 180 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S5">mod</span><span class="S10">.</span>SomeClass<span class="S10">=</span><span class="S5">Class</span><span class="S10">(</span><span class="S5">function</span><span class="S10">(</span><span class="S5">publ</span><span class="S10">){</span><br /> 181 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><br /> 182 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S5">publ</span><span class="S10">.</span>foo<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">=</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S5">function</span><span class="S10">(</span>p1<span class="S10">){</span><br /> 183 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S5">return</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S5">this</span><span class="S10">.</span>bar<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">*</span><span class="S0"> </span>p1<span class="S10">;</span><br /> 184 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S10">}</span><br /> 185 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><br /> 186 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S5">publ</span><span class="S10">.</span>bar<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">=</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S4">3</span><span class="S10">;</span><br /> 187 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S10">})</span><br /> 188 <span class="S10">})</span><br /> 189 <span class="S0"></span></span> 190 </div> 191 You can see we declared a public object in our module. This object is a class object created with the <code>Class</code> function.<br /> 192 The <code>Class</code> function accepts up to three parameters. For now we only need one, a function object. 193 Similar to the function object passed to the module constructor it is used for data hiding.<br /> 194 The parameter passed to the function object is the <code>publ</code> object. 195 All properties added to this object will become the public members of the class.<br /> 196 In our example we have two public members of the class: the method <code>foo</code> and the property <code>bar</code>.<br /> 197 To create objects of the class we use the JavaScript <code>new</code> keyword.<br /> 198 <br /><div class="code"> 199 <span><span class="S5">var</span><span class="S0"> </span>tutorial<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">=</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S5">importModule</span><span class="S10">(</span><span class="S6">"tutorial"</span><span class="S10">);</span><br /> 200 <br /> 201 <span class="S5">var</span><span class="S0"> </span>obj<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">=</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S5">new</span><span class="S0"> </span>tutorial<span class="S10">.</span>SomeClass<span class="S10">();</span><br /> 202 <br /> 203 alert<span class="S10">(</span>obj<span class="S10">.</span>foo<span class="S10">(</span><span class="S4">3</span><span class="S10">));</span></span> 204 </div> 205 Becase our class <code>SomeClass</code> is part of the module <code>tutorial</code> we need to import that module before we use it. 206 Then we can create an object of our class and call methods of that objects. 207 </div></div> 208 209 <div class="contentItem"><h2>inheritence<a class="bttop" href="#top">▲</a></h2><div> 210 211 Let us create another class and have it be a subclass of <code>SomeClass</code>.<br /> 212 213 <br /><div class="code"> 214 <span><span class="S5">Module</span><span class="S10">(</span><span class="S6">"tutorial"</span><span class="S10">,</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S6">"0.0.1"</span><span class="S10">,</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S5">function</span><span class="S10">(</span><span class="S5">mod</span><span class="S10">){</span><br /> 215 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><br /> 216 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S5">mod</span><span class="S10">.</span>SomeClass<span class="S10">=</span><span class="S5">Class</span><span class="S10">(</span><span class="S5">function</span><span class="S10">(</span><span class="S5">publ</span><span class="S10">){</span><br /> 217 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S5">publ</span><span class="S10">.</span>foo<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">=</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S5">function</span><span class="S10">(</span>p1<span class="S10">){</span><br /> 218 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S5">return</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S5">this</span><span class="S10">.</span>bar<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">*</span><span class="S0"> </span>p1<span class="S10">;</span><br /> 219 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S10">}</span><br /> 220 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S5">publ</span><span class="S10">.</span>bar<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">=</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S4">3</span><span class="S10">;</span><br /> 221 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S10">})</span><br /> 222 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><br /> 223 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S5">mod</span><span class="S10">.</span>SubClass<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">=</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S5">Class</span><span class="S10">(</span><span class="S5">mod</span><span class="S10">.</span>SomeClass<span class="S10">,</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S5">function</span><span class="S10">(</span><span class="S5">publ</span><span class="S10">,</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S5">supr</span><span class="S10">){</span><br /> 224 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S5">publ</span><span class="S10">.</span>foo<span class="S10">=</span><span class="S5">function</span><span class="S10">(</span>p1<span class="S10">){</span><br /> 225 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S5">var</span><span class="S0"> </span>v1<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">=</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S5">supr</span><span class="S10">(</span><span class="S5">this</span><span class="S10">).</span>foo<span class="S10">(</span>p1<span class="S10">);</span><br /> 226 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S5">return</span><span class="S0"> </span>v1<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">*</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S4">3</span><span class="S10">;</span><br /> 227 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S10">}</span><br /> 228 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S10">})</span><span class="S0"> <span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><br /> 229 <span class="S10">})</span><br /></span> 230 </div> 231 In the above excample one can see that we added another class to our module. The difference to the first class is that we pass in another parameter to the <code>Class</code> method before the 232 last parameter, the function object. 233 This first parameter is the base class of our new class, i.e. our new class will inherit form that class.<br /> 234 You can also notice that we have another parameter <code>supr</code> in our function object. 235 This parameter is a spechial function for calling overwritten methods of the base class. You can see how a base class method is invoked in the line <code>var v1 = supr(this).foo(p1)</code>.<br /> 236 <code>SubClass</code> overwrites the <code>foo</code> method of <code>SomeClass</code>. When the <code>foo</code> method is called then it calls it's base class's <code>foo</code> 237 method first, then multiplying the return value by 3 and then returns the result.<br /> 238 239 </div></div> 240 241 <div class="contentItem"><h2>object initialization<a class="bttop" href="#top">▲</a></h2><div> 242 243 Whenever an object is created form a class an initialization method is called with the parameters passed to the constructor. This method is named <code>init</code> and you may 244 consider it to be the constructor of the class, though technically speaking it is not. 245 You can overwrite the <code>init</code> method in your class. If you do so make sure you call the base class's <code>init</code> method. 246 For example:<br /> 247 <br /><div class="code"> 248 <span><span class="S5">Module</span><span class="S10">(</span><span class="S6">"tutorial"</span><span class="S10">,</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S6">"0.0.1"</span><span class="S10">,</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S5">function</span><span class="S10">(</span><span class="S5">mod</span><span class="S10">){</span><br /> 249 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><br /> 250 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S5">mod</span><span class="S10">.</span>SomeClass<span class="S10">=</span><span class="S5">Class</span><span class="S10">(</span><span class="S5">function</span><span class="S10">(</span><span class="S5">publ</span><span class="S10">){</span><br /> 251 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S5">publ</span><span class="S10">.</span>init<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">=</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S5">function</span><span class="S10">(</span>barVal<span class="S10">){</span><br /> 252 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S5">this</span><span class="S10">.</span>bar<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">=</span><span class="S0"> </span>barVal<span class="S10">;</span><br /> 253 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S10">}</span><br /> 254 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S5">publ</span><span class="S10">.</span>foo<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">=</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S5">function</span><span class="S10">(</span>p1<span class="S10">){</span><br /> 255 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S5">return</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S5">this</span><span class="S10">.</span>bar<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">*</span><span class="S0"> </span>p1<span class="S10">;</span><br /> 256 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S10">}</span><br /> 257 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S5">publ</span><span class="S10">.</span>bar<span class="S10">;</span><br /> 258 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S10">})</span><br /> 259 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><br /> 260 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S5">mod</span><span class="S10">.</span>SubClass<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">=</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S5">Class</span><span class="S10">(</span><span class="S5">mod</span><span class="S10">.</span>SomeClass<span class="S10">,</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S5">function</span><span class="S10">(</span><span class="S5">publ</span><span class="S10">,</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S5">supr</span><span class="S10">){</span><br /> 261 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S5">publ</span><span class="S10">.</span>init<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">=</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S5">function</span><span class="S10">(</span>a<span class="S10">,</span><span class="S0"> </span>b<span class="S10">){</span><br /> 262 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S5">supr</span><span class="S10">(</span><span class="S5">this</span><span class="S10">).</span>init<span class="S10">(</span>a<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">*</span><span class="S0"> </span>b<span class="S10">);</span><br /> 263 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S10">}</span><br /> 264 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S5">publ</span><span class="S10">.</span>foo<span class="S10">=</span><span class="S5">function</span><span class="S10">(</span>p1<span class="S10">){</span><br /> 265 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S5">var</span><span class="S0"> </span>v1<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">=</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S5">supr</span><span class="S10">(</span><span class="S5">this</span><span class="S10">).</span>foo<span class="S10">(</span>p1<span class="S10">);</span><br /> 266 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S5">return</span><span class="S0"> </span>v1<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">*</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S4">3</span><span class="S10">;</span><br /> 267 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S10">}</span><br /> 268 <span class="S0"><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><span class="S10">})</span><span class="S0"> <span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span><span style="margin-left:0.5em"></span></span><br /> 269 <span class="S10">})</span></span> 270 </div> 271 You can see that both of our classes have different initialization parameters and that <code>SubClass</code> calls the <code>SomeClass</code>'s initialization method.<br /> 272 The code for the object creation would look like this:<br /> 273 <br /><div class="code"> 274 <span><span class="S5">var</span><span class="S0"> </span>tutorial<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">=</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S5">importModule</span><span class="S10">(</span><span class="S6">"tutorial"</span><span class="S10">);</span><br /> 275 <br /> 276 <span class="S5">var</span><span class="S0"> </span>obj<span class="S0"> </span><span class="S10">=</span><span class="S0"> </span><span class="S5">new</span><span class="S0"> </span>tutorial<span class="S10">.</span>SubClass<span class="S10">(</span><span class="S4">3</span><span class="S10">,</span><span class="S4">4</span><span class="S10">);</span><br /> 277 <br /> 278 alert<span class="S10">(</span>obj<span class="S10">.</span>foo<span class="S10">(</span><span class="S4">3</span><span class="S10">));</span></span> 279 </div> 280 281 </div></div> 282 283 <div class="contentItem"><h2>exception handling<a class="bttop" href="#top">▲</a></h2><div> 284 285 coming soon 286 </div></div> 287 288 <div class="contentItem"><h2>module dependencies<a class="bttop" href="#top">▲</a></h2><div> 289 290 coming soon 291 </div></div> 292 293 </div> 294 </body> 295 </html>
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| Généré le : Sun Feb 25 17:20:01 2007 | par Balluche grâce à PHPXref 0.7 |