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   1  // $Id: INSTALL.txt,v 1.39.2.2 2007/07/26 05:29:58 drumm Exp $
   2  
   3  CONTENTS OF THIS FILE
   4  ---------------------
   5  
   6   * Changes
   7   * Requirements
   8   * Optional requirements
   9   * Installation
  10   * Drupal administration
  11   * Customizing your theme(s)
  12   * Multisite Configuration
  13   * More Information
  14  
  15  CHANGES
  16  -------
  17  
  18  As of Drupal 5.0 installation has been automated by an install script. It is no
  19  longer necessary to manually edit the "settings.php" file, and database tables
  20  are created automatically.
  21  
  22  REQUIREMENTS
  23  ------------
  24  
  25  Drupal requires a web server, PHP4 (4.3.3 or greater) or PHP5
  26  (http://www.php.net/) and either MySQL (http://www.mysql.com/) or PostgreSQL
  27  (http://www.postgresql.org/). The Apache web server and MySQL database are
  28  recommended; other web server and database combinations such as IIS and
  29  PostgreSQL have been tested to a lesser extent. When using MySQL, version 4.1
  30  or greater is recommended to assure you can safely transfer the database.
  31  
  32  For more detailed information about Drupal requirements, see "Requirements"
  33  (http://drupal.org/requirements) in the Drupal Handbook.
  34  
  35  Guidelines for setting up a server environment with a variety of operating
  36  systems and in special cases are available in the Drupal handbook
  37  (http://drupal.org/node/260)
  38  
  39  OPTIONAL REQUIREMENTS
  40  ---------------------
  41  
  42  - To use XML-based services such as the Blogger API, Jabber, and RSS
  43  syndication, you will need PHP's XML extension. This extension is enabled by
  44  default.
  45  
  46  - If you want support for clean URLs, you'll need mod_rewrite and the ability
  47  to use local .htaccess files.
  48  
  49  INSTALLATION
  50  ------------
  51  
  52  1. DOWNLOAD DRUPAL
  53  
  54     You can obtain the latest Drupal release from http://drupal.org/. The files
  55     are in .tar.gz format and can be extracted using most compression tools. On a
  56     typical Unix command line, use:
  57  
  58       wget http://drupal.org/files/projects/drupal-x.x.tar.gz
  59       tar -zxvf drupal-x.x.tar.gz
  60  
  61     This will create a new directory drupal-x.x/ containing all Drupal files
  62     and directories. Move the contents of that directory into a directory within
  63     your web server's document root or your public HTML directory:
  64  
  65       mv drupal-x.x/* drupal-x.x/.htaccess /var/www/html
  66  
  67  2. CREATE THE DRUPAL DATABASE
  68  
  69     Drupal requires access to a database in order to be installed. Your database
  70     user will need sufficient privileges to run Drupal. Additional information
  71     about privileges, and instructions to create a database using the command
  72     line are available in INSTALL.mysql.txt (for MySQL) or INSTALL.pgsql.txt
  73     (for PostgreSQL).
  74  
  75     To create a database using PHPMyAdmin or a web-based control panel consult
  76     the documentation or ask your webhost service provider.
  77  
  78     Take note of the username, password, database name and hostname as you
  79     create the database. You will enter these items in the install script.
  80  
  81  3. RUN THE INSTALL SCRIPT
  82  
  83     The install script will set the base URL, connect Drupal to the database, and
  84     create tables in the database.
  85  
  86     To run the install script point your browser to the base url of your website
  87     (i.e. http://www.example.com). You will be presented with the "Database
  88     Configuration" page.
  89  
  90     The install script will attempt to write-protect the settings.php after
  91     updating it with the information you provide in the installation routine.
  92     If you make manual changes to that file later, be sure to protect it again
  93     after making your modifications. Failure to remove write permissions to
  94     that file is a security risk. The default location for the settings.php
  95     file is at sites/default/settings.php, but it may be in another location
  96     if you use the multi-site setup, as explained below.
  97  
  98  4. CONFIGURE DRUPAL
  99  
 100     When the install script succeeds, you will be directed to the "Welcome" page.
 101     In "step one" click "create the first account" which will become the main
 102     administrator account with total control. Login as the administrator and
 103     complete the initial configuration steps on the "Welcome" page.
 104  
 105     Consider creating a "files" subdirectory in your Drupal installation
 106     directory. This subdirectory stores files such as custom logos, user avatars,
 107     and other media associated with your new site. The sub-directory requires
 108     "read and write" permission by the Drupal server process. You can change
 109     the name of this subdirectory at "administer > site configuration > file
 110     system".
 111  
 112  5. CRON TASKS
 113  
 114     Many Drupal modules (such as the search functionality) have periodic tasks
 115     that must be triggered by a cron job. To activate these tasks, call the cron
 116     page by visiting http://www.example.com/cron.php --this will pass control to
 117     the modules and the modules will decide if and what they must do.
 118  
 119     Most systems support the crontab utility for scheduling tasks like this. The
 120     following example crontab line will activate the cron tasks automatically on
 121     the hour:
 122  
 123     0   *   *   *   *   wget -O - -q -t 1 http://www.example.com/cron.php
 124  
 125     More information about the cron scripts are available in the admin help pages
 126     and in the Drupal handbook at drupal.org. Example scripts can be found in the
 127     scripts/ directory.
 128  
 129  DRUPAL ADMINISTRATION
 130  ---------------------
 131  
 132  A new installation of Drupal defaults to a very basic configuration with only a
 133  few active modules and minimal user access rights.
 134  
 135  Use your administration panel to enable and configure services. For example:
 136  
 137  General Settings       Administer > Site configuration > Site information
 138  Enable Modules         Administer > Site building > Modules
 139  Set User Permissions   Administer > User management > Access control
 140  Configure Themes       Administer > Site building > Themes
 141  
 142  For more information on configuration options, read the instructions which
 143  accompany the different configuration settings and consult the various help
 144  pages available in the administration panel.
 145  
 146  Community-contributed modules and themes are available at http://drupal.org/.
 147  
 148  CUSTOMIZING YOUR THEME(S)
 149  -------------------------
 150  
 151  Now that your installation is running, you will want to customize the look of
 152  your site. Several sample themes are included and more can be downloaded from
 153  drupal.org.
 154  
 155  Simple customization of your theme can be done using only CSS. Further changes
 156  require understanding the phptemplate engine that is now part of Drupal. See
 157  http://drupal.org/handbook/customization to find out more.
 158  
 159  MULTISITE CONFIGURATION
 160  -----------------------
 161  
 162  A single Drupal installation can host several Drupal-powered sites, each with
 163  its own individual configuration.
 164  
 165  Additional site configurations are created in subdirectories within the 'sites'
 166  directory. Each subdirectory must have a 'settings.php' file which specifies the
 167  configuration settings. The easiest way to create additional sites is to copy
 168  the 'default' directory and modify the 'settings.php' file as appropriate. The
 169  new directory name is constructed from the site's URL. The configuration for
 170  www.example.com could be in 'sites/example.com/settings.php' (note that 'www.'
 171  should be omitted if users can access your site at http://example.com/).
 172  
 173  Sites do not have to have a different domain. You can also use subdomains and
 174  subdirectories for Drupal sites. For example, example.com, sub.example.com,
 175  and sub.example.com/site3 can all be defined as independent Drupal sites. The
 176  setup for a configuration such as this would look like the following:
 177  
 178    sites/default/settings.php
 179    sites/example.com/settings.php
 180    sites/sub.example.com/settings.php
 181    sites/sub.example.com.site3/settings.php
 182  
 183  When searching for a site configuration (for example www.sub.example.com/site3),
 184  Drupal will search for configuration files in the following order, using the
 185  first configuration it finds:
 186  
 187    sites/www.sub.example.com.site3/settings.php
 188    sites/sub.example.com.site3/settings.php
 189    sites/example.com.site3/settings.php
 190    sites/www.sub.example.com/settings.php
 191    sites/sub.example.com/settings.php
 192    sites/example.com/settings.php
 193    sites/default/settings.php
 194  
 195  If you are installing on a non-standard port, the port number is treated as the
 196  deepest subdomain. For example: http://www.example.com:8080/ could be loaded
 197  from sites/8080.www.example.com/. The port number will be removed according to
 198  the pattern above if no port-specific configuration is found, just like a real
 199  subdomain.
 200  
 201  Each site configuration can have its own site-specific modules and themes in
 202  addition to those installed in the standard 'modules'and 'themes' directories.
 203  To use site-specific modules or themes, simply create a 'modules' or 'themes'
 204  directory within the site configuration directory. For example, if
 205  sub.example.com has a custom theme and a custom module that should not be
 206  accessible to other sites, the setup would look like this:
 207  
 208    sites/sub.example.com/:
 209    settings.php
 210    themes/custom_theme
 211    modules/custom_module
 212  
 213  NOTE: for more information about multiple virtual hosts or the configuration
 214  settings, consult the Drupal handbook at drupal.org.
 215  
 216  MORE INFORMATION
 217  ----------------
 218  
 219  For platform specific configuration issues and other installation and
 220  administration assistance, please consult the Drupal handbook at
 221  http://drupal.org/handbook. You can view the wide range of other support options
 222  available at http://drupal.org/support.